index : arabluatex	master
	ArabTeX for LuaLaTeX	Robert Alessi

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path: root/arabluatex_fullvoc.lua

Age	Commit message (Expand)	Author
2016-03-25	improved quoting feature in all modes; still documenting	Robert Alessi
2016-03-24	bugfix: wrong 'lla_dI with bi-; still documenting	Robert Alessi
2016-03-23	additional rules for the name of Allah; still documenting	Robert Alessi
2016-03-22	bugfix in fullvoc tables (tanwīn + connective ʾalif); still documenting...	Robert Alessi
2016-03-21	long vowels, diphthongs and consonants with ǧazmah before ʾalif conjunctionis	Robert Alessi
2016-03-21	shorten long vowels according to rule laid down in Wright i. §25 (trans mode)	Robert Alessi
2016-03-20	assimilations [Wright i §14 (b)]; no more euphonic tašdīd in novoc mode	Robert Alessi
2016-03-20	some bugfixes in the tables; still writing the documentation	Robert Alessi
2016-03-15	added final hamza + sukūn	Robert Alessi
2016-03-15	bugfix: final hamza was wrong	Robert Alessi
2016-03-15	some corrections in the tables + writing the documentation	Robert Alessi
2016-03-11	bugfix: quoted hamza + sukūn in fullvoc mode	Robert Alessi
2016-03-11	bugfix: quoting sukūn in fullvoc mode	Robert Alessi
2016-03-10	writing documentation (continued) + added quoting u|a|i	Robert Alessi
2016-03-04	silent wāw and yāʾ in words such as ḥayāt and tawrāt	Robert Alessi
2016-03-03	ʿamr + u a i in fullvoc and transliteration tables	Robert Alessi
2016-03-03	šadda over hamza + improved madda	Robert Alessi
2016-03-03	corrected final hamza; added quoting before hamza	Robert Alessi
2016-03-03	added sukūn over w in ramaW(A) and the like	Robert Alessi
2016-03-02	corrected typos	Robert Alessi
2016-02-28	cleaned fullvoc tables	Robert Alessi
2016-02-26	implementation of fullvoc tables	Robert Alessi
2016-02-25	add hamza + sukūn in fullvoc tables	Robert Alessi
2016-02-25	r + sukun was lacking in fullvoc tables	Robert Alessi
2016-02-25	fix hamza: ^say'aN, xa.tI'aTuN; fix madda	Robert Alessi
2016-02-24	first implementation of fullvoc tables	Robert Alessi

generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.25.1) at 2024-09-20 23:03:32 +0000

--[[
This file is part of the `arabluatex' package

ArabLuaTeX -- Processing ArabTeX notation under LuaLaTeX
Copyright (C) 2016  Robert Alessi

Please send error reports and suggestions for improvements to Robert
Alessi <alessi@robertalessi.net>

This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program.  If not, see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
--]]

abjad = {
{"a\"'", "b", "j", "d", "h", "w", "z", ".h", ".t"},
{"y", "k", "l", "m", "n", "s", "`", "f", ".s", },
{"q", "r", "^s", "t", "_t", "x", "_d", ".d", ".z", },
{".g"}
}

numbers = {
   {a="0", b="٠"},
   {a="1", b="١"},
   {a="2", b="٢"},
   {a="3", b="٣"},
   {a="4", b="٤"},
   {a="5", b="٥"},
   {a="6", b="٦"},
   {a="7", b="٧"},
   {a="8", b="٨"},
   {a="9", b="٩"}
}

raw = {
   {a="A", b="َا"},
   {a="U", b="ُو"},
   {a="I", b="ِي"},
   {a="b", b="ب"},
   {a="t", b="ت"},
   {a="j", b="ج"},
   {a="x", b="خ"},
   {a="d", b="د"},
   {a="r", b="ر"},
   {a="z", b="ز"},
   {a="s", b="س"},
   {a="f", b="ف"},
   {a="`", b="ع"},
   {a="f", b="ف"},
   {a="q", b="ق"},
   {a="k", b="ك"},
   {a="l", b="ل"},
   {a="m", b="م"},
   {a="n", b="ن"},
   {a="h", b="ه"},
   {a="w", b="و"},
   {a="y", b="ي"},
   {a="T", b="ة"},
   {a="u", b="ُ"},
   {a="a", b="َ"},
   {a="i", b="ِ"}
}

hamza = {
   -- next line for ʾiʿrāb hyphen
   {a="(')(%-)([uaiUAI])", b="%1%3"},
   -- hard coded hamza
   {a="|\"'", b="ء"},
   {a="A\"'", b="آ"},
   {a="[au]\"'", b="أ"},
   {a="w\"'", b="ؤ"},
   {a="i\"'", b="إ"},
   {a="y\"'", b="ئ"},
   -- hamza takes tašdīd too
   {a="''([Uu])", b="ؤؤ%1"},
   {a="''([Aa])", b="أأ%1"},
   {a="''([Ii])", b="ئئ%1"},
   -- initial long u and i (for a, see below)
   {a="%'%_U", b="أU"},
   {a="%'%_I", b="إI"},
   -- taḫfīfu 'l-hamza
   {a="'u'([^uaiUAI])", b="أU%1"},
   {a="'i'([^uaiUAI])", b="إI%1"},   
   -- madda (historic writing below)
   {a="'a'([^uaiUAI])", b="آ%1"},
   {a="([^uiUI])\'a?A([%_%^%.]?[%`%'btjghdrzsfqklmnywAY])", b="%1آ%2"},
   {a="^\'a?A([%_%^%.]?[%`%'btjghdrzsfqklmnywAY])", b="آ%1"},
   {a="(%W)\'a?A([%_%^%.]?[%`%'btjghdrzsfqklmnywAY])", b="%1آ%2"},
   {a="(A)(')(uN?)$", b="aآء%3"},
   {a="(A)(')(uN?)(%W)", b="aآء%3%4"},
   {a="(A)(')(iN?)$", b="aآء%3"},
   {a="(A)(')(iN?)(%W)", b="aآء%3%4"},
   {a="(A)(')(i)", b="aآئ%3"}, -- historic madda
   {a="(A)(')(u)", b="aآؤ%3"}, -- historic madda
   {a="(A)(')", b="aآء"}, -- historic madda
   -- initial (needs both ^ and %W patterns)
   {a="^(')([ua])", b="أ%2"},
   {a="^(')(i)", b="إ%2"},
   {a="(%W)(')([ua])", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(%W)(')(i)", b="%1إ%3"},
   -- final
   -- ^say'aN and .zim'aN are special orthographies
   {a="(%^say)(%')(aN)", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(.zi?m)(%')(aN)", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([uai]N?)$", b="%1ء%3"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([uai]N?)(%W)", b="%1ء%3%4"},
-- u
   {a="(u)(')([uai]N?)$", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([uai]N?)(%W)", b="%1ؤ%3%4"},
   {a="(u)(')$", b="%1ؤ"},
   {a="(u)(')(%W)", b="%1ؤ%3"},
-- a
   {a="(a)(')(A)$", b="%1آ"},
   {a="(a)(')(A)(%W)", b="%1آ%4"},
   {a="(a)(')([u]N?)$", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([u]N?)(%W)", b="%1أ%3%4"},
   {a="(a)(')(a)$", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')(a)(%W)", b="%1أ%3%4"},
   {a="(a)(')(aN)$", b="%1أً"},
   {a="(a)(')(aN)(%W)", b="%1أً%4"},
   {a="(a)(')([i]N?)$", b="%1إ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([i]N?)(%W)", b="%1إ%3%4"},
   {a="(a)(')$", b="%1أ"},
   {a="(a)(')(%W)", b="%1أ%3"},
-- i
   {a="(i)(')([uai]N?)$", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([uai]N?)(%W)", b="%1ئ%3%4"},
   {a="(i)(')$", b="%1ئ"},
   {a="(i)(')(%W)", b="%1ئ%3"},
--
   -- middle
   {a="(U)(')", b="%1ء"},
   {a="([Iy])(')", b="%1ئ"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([uU])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([aA])", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([iI])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([uU])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([aA])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([iI])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([aA])", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([uU])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([iI])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([aA])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([uU])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([iI])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([^uaiUAI])", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([^uaiUAI])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([^uaiUAI])", b="%1ئ%3"}
}

hamzaeasy = { -- differences marked below with 'easy'
   -- next line for ʾiʿrāb hyphen
   {a="(')(%-)([uaiUAI])", b="%1%3"},
   -- hard coded hamza
   {a="|\"'", b="ء"},
   {a="A\"'", b="آ"},
   {a="[au]\"'", b="أ"},
   {a="w\"'", b="ؤ"},
   {a="i\"'", b="إ"},
   {a="y\"'", b="ئ"},
   -- hamza takes tašdīd too
   {a="''([Uu])", b="ؤؤ%1"},
   {a="''([Aa])", b="أأ%1"},
   {a="''([Ii])", b="ئئ%1"},
   -- initial long u and i (for a, see below)
   {a="%'%_U", b="أU"},
   {a="%'%_I", b="إI"},
   -- taḫfīfu 'l-hamza
   {a="'u'([^uaiUAI])", b="أU%1"},
   {a="'i'([^uaiUAI])", b="إI%1"},   
   -- madda (historic writing below)
   {a="'a'([^uaiUAI])", b="آ%1"},
   {a="([^uiUI])\'a?A([%_%^%.]?[%`%'btjghdrzsfqklmnywAY])", b="%1آ%2"},
   {a="^\'a?A([%_%^%.]?[%`%'btjghdrzsfqklmnywAY])", b="آ%1"},
   {a="(%W)\'a?A([%_%^%.]?[%`%'btjghdrzsfqklmnywAY])", b="%1آ%2"},
   --easy (begin)
   {a="(A)(')(uN?)$", b="aاء%3"},
   {a="(A)(')(uN?)(%W)", b="aاء%3%4"},
   {a="(A)(')(iN?)$", b="aاء%3"},
   {a="(A)(')(iN?)(%W)", b="aاء%3%4"},
   {a="(A)(')(i)", b="aائ%3"}, -- historic madda
   {a="(A)(')(u)", b="aاؤ%3"}, -- historic madda
   {a="(A)(')", b="aاء"}, -- historic madda
   --easy (end)
   -- initial (needs both ^ and %W patterns)
   {a="^(')([ua])", b="أ%2"},
   {a="^(')(i)", b="إ%2"},
   {a="(%W)(')([ua])", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(%W)(')(i)", b="%1إ%3"},
   -- final
   -- ^say'aN and .zim'aN are special orthographies
   {a="(%^say)(%')(aN)", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(.zi?m)(%')(aN)", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([uai]N?)$", b="%1ء%3"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([uai]N?)(%W)", b="%1ء%3%4"},
-- u
   {a="(u)(')([uai]N?)$", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([uai]N?)(%W)", b="%1ؤ%3%4"},
   {a="(u)(')$", b="%1ؤ"},
   {a="(u)(')(%W)", b="%1ؤ%3"},
-- a
   {a="(a)(')(A)$", b="%1آ"},
   {a="(a)(')(A)(%W)", b="%1آ%4"},
   {a="(a)(')([u]N?)$", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([u]N?)(%W)", b="%1أ%3%4"},
   {a="(a)(')(a)$", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')(a)(%W)", b="%1أ%3%4"},
   {a="(a)(')(aN)$", b="%1أً"},
   {a="(a)(')(aN)(%W)", b="%1أً%4"},
   {a="(a)(')([i]N?)$", b="%1إ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([i]N?)(%W)", b="%1إ%3%4"},
   {a="(a)(')$", b="%1أ"},
   {a="(a)(')(%W)", b="%1أ%3"},
-- i
   {a="(i)(')([uai]N?)$", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([uai]N?)(%W)", b="%1ئ%3%4"},
   {a="(i)(')$", b="%1ئ"},
   {a="(i)(')(%W)", b="%1ئ%3"},
--
   -- middle
   {a="(U)(')", b="%1ء"},
   {a="([Iy])(')", b="%1ئ"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([uU])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([aA])", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="([^uai])(')([iI])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([uU])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([aA])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([iI])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([aA])", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([uU])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([iI])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([aA])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([uU])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([iI])", b="%1ئ%3"},
   {a="(a)(')([^uaiUAI])", b="%1أ%3"},
   {a="(u)(')([^uaiUAI])", b="%1ؤ%3"},
   {a="(i)(')([^uaiUAI])", b="%1ئ%3"}
}

tanwin = {
   {a="%-?uNU", b="ٌو"},
   {a="%-?aNU", b="ًوا"},
   {a="%-?iNU", b="ٍو"},
   -- assimilations (begin)
   {a="%-?(uN)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="ٌ%2%3%3"},
   {a="%-?(aN)(_A)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="ًى%3%4%4"},
   {a="%-?(aN)(Y)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="ًى%3%4%4"},
   {a="(T)%-?(aN)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="%1ً%3%4%4"},
   {a="(ء)%-?(aN)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="%1ً%3%4%4"},
   {a="([^TA])%-?(aN)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="%1ًا%3%4%4"},
   {a="%-?(iNI?)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="ٍ%2%3%3"},
   -- assimilations (end)
   -- quoted tanwīn (begin)
   {a="%-?(\"uN)", b=""},
   {a="(B)%-?(\"aN)", b="%1"},
   {a="%-?(\"aN)(_A)", b="ى"},
   {a="%-?(\"aN)(Y)", b="ى"},
   {a="(T)%-?(\"aN)", b="%1"},
   {a="(ء)%-?(\"aN)", b="%1"},
   {a="([^TA])%-?(\"aN)", b="%1ا"},
   {a="%-?(\"iNI?)", b=""},
   -- quoted tanwīn (end)
   {a="%-?(uN)", b="ٌ"},
   {a="(B)%-?(aN)", b="%1ً"},
   {a="%-?(aN)(_A)", b="ًى"},
   {a="%-?(aN)(Y)", b="ًى"},
   {a="(T)%-?(aN)", b="%1ً"},
   {a="(ء)%-?(aN)", b="%1ً"},
   {a="([^TA])%-?(aN)", b="%1ًا"},
   {a="%-?(iNI?)", b="ٍ"}
}

tanwineasy = { -- 'easy' requires some lines to be taken out:
   {a="%-?uNU", b="ٌو"},
   {a="%-?aNU", b="ًوا"},
   {a="%-?iNU", b="ٍو"},
   -- assimilations (begin)
--   {a="%-?(uN)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="ٌ%2%3%3"},
--   {a="%-?(aN)(_A)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="ًى%3%4%4"},
--   {a="%-?(aN)(Y)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="ًى%3%4%4"},
--   {a="(T)%-?(aN)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="%1ً%3%4%4"},
--   {a="(ء)%-?(aN)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="%1ً%3%4%4"},
--   {a="([^TA])%-?(aN)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="%1ًا%3%4%4"},
--   {a="%-?(iNI?)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="ٍ%2%3%3"},
   -- assimilations (end)
   -- quoted tanwīn (begin)
   {a="%-?(\"uN)", b=""},
   {a="(B)%-?(\"aN)", b="%1"},
   {a="%-?(\"aN)(_A)", b="ى"},
   {a="%-?(\"aN)(Y)", b="ى"},
   {a="(T)%-?(\"aN)", b="%1"},
   {a="(ء)%-?(\"aN)", b="%1"},
   {a="([^TA])%-?(\"aN)", b="%1ا"},
   {a="%-?(\"iNI?)", b=""},
   -- quoted tanwīn (end)
   {a="%-?(uN)", b="ٌ"},
   {a="(B)%-?(aN)", b="%1ً"},
   {a="%-?(aN)(_A)", b="ًى"},
   {a="%-?(aN)(Y)", b="ًى"},
   {a="(T)%-?(aN)", b="%1ً"},
   {a="(ء)%-?(aN)", b="%1ً"},
   {a="([^TA])%-?(aN)", b="%1ًا"},
   {a="%-?(iNI?)", b="ٍ"}
}

trigraphs = { -- trigraphs or more
   -- 'llatI / 'llad_I
   {a="^'ll(a)([%_]?[dt])", b="الّ%1%2"},
   {a="([%s%-])'ll(a)([%_]?[dt])", b="%1الّ%2%3"},
   -- al- + lām
   {a="^(a)l%-(l)", b="ا%1ل%2%2"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-(l)", b="%1ا%2ل%3%3"},
   -- al- + solar consonant
   {a="^(a)l%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="ا%1ل%2%2"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="%1ا%2ل%3%3"},
   -- assim. art. + solar consonant
   {a="^(a)([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])%-", b="ا%1ل%2"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])%-", b="%1ا%2ل%3"},
   -- al- + initial unstable hamza
   {a="^(a)l%-(\")([uai])", b="ا%1ل%3ٱ"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-(\")([uai])", b="%1ا%2ل%4ٱ"},
   {a="^(a)l%-([uai])", b="ا%1ل%2ا"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-([uai])", b="%1ا%2ل%3ا"},
   -- li-/la- + art. + initial unstable hamza is a special orthography
   {a="l([ai])%-l%-(\")([uai])", b="ل%1ل%3ٱ"},
   {a="l([ai])%-l%-([uai])", b="ل%1ل%2ا"},
   -- al- + lunar consonant (i.e. what remains)
   {a="^(a)l%-", b="ا%1ل"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-", b="%1ا%2ل"},
   -- diphthongs to be resolved before ʾalif conjunctionis
   {a="(aW)(%s)(['][%_%^%.]?[l'btjghxdrzs`fqkmnwy]%-)", b="awuا%2%3"},
   {a="(aw)(%s)(['][%_%^%.]?[l'btjghxdrzs`fqkmnwy]%-)", b="%1u%2%3"},
   {a="(ay)(%s)(['][%_%^%.]?[l'btjghxdrzs`fqkmnwy]%-)", b="%1i%2%3"},
   -- art. with waṣla + lām
   {a="'l%-(l)", b="ال%1%1"},
   -- art. with waṣla + solar consonant
   {a="'l%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="ال%1%1"},
   -- li-/la- + art. + lām
   {a="l([ai])%-l%-(l)", b="ل%1%2%2"},
   -- assim. art. with waṣla + solar consonant
   {a="'([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])%-", b="ال%1"},
   -- li-/la- + art. + solar consonant is a special orthography
   {a="l([ai])%-l%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="ل%1ل%2%2"},
   -- li-/la + assim. art. + solar consonant is a special orthography
   {a="l([ai])%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="ل%1ل%3%3"},
   -- art. with waṣla + initial unstable hamza
   {a="'l%-(\")([uai])", b="ال%2ٱ"},
   {a="'l%-([uai])", b="ال%1ا"},   
   -- art. with waṣla + lunar consonant (i.e. what remains)
   {a="'l%-", b="ال"},
   -- the silent wāw
   {a="uU$", b="uو"},
   {a="uU(%W)", b="uو%1"},
   {a="aU$", b="aو"},
   {a="aU(%W)", b="aو%1"},
   {a="iU$", b="iو"},
   {a="iU(%W)", b="iو%1"},
   -- words ending in -āT with silent wāw/yāʾ
   {a="(_a)UA", b="%1وا"},
   {a="(_a)U", b="%1و"},
   {a="(_a)I", b="%1ي"},
   -- assimilations
   {a="(n)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="%1%2%3%3"}
}

trigraphseasy = { -- differences marked below with 'easy'
   -- 'llatI / 'llad_I
   {a="^'ll(a)([%_]?[dt])", b="الّ%1%2"},
   {a="([%s%-])'ll(a)([%_]?[dt])", b="%1الّ%2%3"},
   -- al- + lām (easy)
   {a="^(a)l%-(l)", b="ا%1ل%2"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-(l)", b="%1ا%2ل%3"},
   -- al- + solar consonant (easy)
   {a="^(a)l%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="ا%1ل%2"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="%1ا%2ل%3"},
   -- assim. art. + solar consonant (easy)
   {a="^(a)([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])%-", b="ا%1ل"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])%-", b="%1ا%2ل"},
   -- al- + initial unstable hamza
   {a="^(a)l%-(\")([uai])", b="ا%1ل%3ٱ"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-(\")([uai])", b="%1ا%2ل%4ٱ"},
   {a="^(a)l%-([uai])", b="ا%1ل%2ا"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-([uai])", b="%1ا%2ل%3ا"},
   -- li-/la- + art. + initial unstable hamza is a special orthography
   {a="l([ai])%-l%-(\")([uai])", b="ل%1ل%3ٱ"},
   {a="l([ai])%-l%-([uai])", b="ل%1ل%2ا"},
   -- al- + lunar consonant (i.e. what remains)
   {a="^(a)l%-", b="ا%1ل"},
   {a="([%s%-])(a)l%-", b="%1ا%2ل"},
   -- diphthongs to be resolved before ʾalif conjunctionis
   {a="(aW)(%s)(['][%_%^%.]?[l'btjghxdrzs`fqkmnwy]%-)", b="awuا%2%3"},
   {a="(aw)(%s)(['][%_%^%.]?[l'btjghxdrzs`fqkmnwy]%-)", b="%1u%2%3"},
   {a="(ay)(%s)(['][%_%^%.]?[l'btjghxdrzs`fqkmnwy]%-)", b="%1i%2%3"},
   -- art. with waṣla + lām (easy)
   {a="'l%-(l)", b="ال%1"},
   -- art. with waṣla + solar consonant (easy)
   {a="'l%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="ال%1"},
   -- li-/la- + art. + lām (easy)
   {a="l([ai])%-l%-(l)", b="ل%1%2"},
   -- assim. art. with waṣla + solar consonant (easy)
   {a="'([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])%-", b="ال"},
   -- li-/la- + art. + solar consonant is a special orthography (easy)
   {a="l([ai])%-l%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="ل%1ل%2"},
   -- li-/la + assim. art. + solar consonant is a special orthography (easy)
   {a="l([ai])%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])%-([%_%^%.]?[tdrzsn])", b="ل%1ل%3"},
   -- art. with waṣla + initial unstable hamza
   {a="'l%-(\")([uai])", b="ال%2ٱ"},
   {a="'l%-([uai])", b="ال%1ا"},
   -- art. with waṣla + lunar consonant (i.e. what remains)
   {a="'l%-", b="ال"},
   -- the silent wāw
   {a="uU$", b="uو"},
   {a="uU(%W)", b="uو%1"},
   {a="aU$", b="aو"},
   {a="aU(%W)", b="aو%1"},
   {a="iU$", b="iو"},
   {a="iU(%W)", b="iو%1"},
   -- words ending in -āT with silent wāw/yāʾ
   {a="(_a)UA", b="%1وا"},
   {a="(_a)U", b="%1و"},
   {a="(_a)I", b="%1ي"},
   -- assimilations
--easy   {a="(n)(%s)([rlmnwy])", b="%1%2%3%3"}
}

digraphs = {
   -- ʾiʿrāb: straight double quote must be discarded
   {a="(%-)(\"?[UI]na)(%p?%s)", b="%2%3"},
   {a="(%-)(\"?[UI]na)(%p?)$", b="%2%3"},
   {a="(%-)(\"?At[ui])(%p?%s)", b="%2%3"},
   {a="(%-)(\"?At[ui])(%p?)$", b="%2%3"},
   {a="(%-)(\"?Ani)(%p?%s)", b="%2%3"},
   {a="(%-)(\"?Ani)(%p?)$", b="%2%3"},   
   {a="(%-)(\"?ayni)(%p?%s)", b="%2%3"},
   {a="(%-)(\"?ayni)(%p?)$", b="%2%3"},
   {a="(%-)(\"?[uai])(%p?%s)", b="%2%3"},
   {a="(%-)(\"?[uai])(%p?)$", b="%2%3"},
   -- ʾiʿrāb (end)
   -- initial straight double quote gives a connective ʾalif
   {a="^\"[uai]", b="ٱ"},
   {a="([%s%-])\"[uai]", b="%1ٱ"},
   {a="(aW)(%s)([uai])", b="awuا%2%3"},
   -- hyphen + initial alif without hamza:
   {a="(%-)([uai])([%^%_%.%`]?)(%a)", b="%1ا%3%4"},
   {a="^([uai])", b="ا%1"},      -- initial alif without hamza
   {a="(%s)([uai])", b="%1ا"}, -- initial alif without hamza
   {a="%-%-", b="ـ"},
   {a="ؤؤ", b="ؤّ"},
   {a="أأ", b="أّ"},
   {a="ئئ", b="ئّ"},
   {a="bb", b="بّ"},
   {a="BB", b="ـّ"},
   {a="(%_)([thd])([thd])", b="%1%2|%3"},
   {a="tt", b="تّ"},
   {a="%_t%_t", b="ثّ"},
   {a="jj", b="جّ"},
   {a="%^g%^g", b="جّ"},
   {a="xx", b="خّ"},
   {a="%_h%_h", b="خّ"},
   {a="dd", b="دّ"},
   {a="%_d%_d", b="ذّ"},
   {a="rr", b="رّ"},
   {a="zz", b="زّ"},
   {a="ss", b="سّ"},
   {a="%^s%^s", b="شّ"},
   {a="%.s%.s", b="صّ"},
   {a="%.d%.d", b="ضّ"},
   {a="%.t%.t", b="طّ"},
   {a="%.z%.z", b="ظّ"},
   {a="%`%`", b="عّ"},
   {a="%.g%.g", b="غّ"},
   {a="ff", b="فّ"},
   {a="qq", b="قّ"},
   {a="kk", b="كّ"},
   {a="ll", b="لّ"},
   {a="mm", b="مّ"},
   {a="nn", b="نّ"},
   {a="hh", b="هّ"},
   {a="ww", b="وّ"},
   {a="yy", b="يّ"},
   {a="_t", b="ث"},
   {a="%^g", b="ج"},
   {a="%.h", b="ح"},
   {a="_h", b="خ"},
   {a="_d", b="ذ"},
   {a="%^s", b="ش"},
   {a="%.s", b="ص"},
   {a="%.d", b="ض"},
   {a="%.t", b="ط"},
   {a="%.z", b="ظ"},
   {a="%.g", b="غ"},
   {a="(U)(A)", b="%1ا"},
   {a="WA", b="وا"},
   {a="(a)W\"", b="%1وْا"},
   {a="(a)W", b="%1وا"},
   {a="_A", b="aى"},
   {a="_u", b="ٗ"},
   {a="_a", b="ٰ"},
   {a="_i", b="ٖ"},
   {a="%.b", b="ٮ"},
   {a="%.f", b="ڡ"},
   {a="%.q", b="ٯ"},
   {a="%.k", b="ک"},
   {a="%.n", b="ں"},
   {a="%^d", b="ڊ"}
}

single = {
   {a="b", b="ب"},
   {a="t", b="ت"},
   {a="j", b="ج"},
   {a="x", b="خ"},
   {a="d", b="د"},
   {a="r", b="ر"},
   {a="z", b="ز"},
   {a="s", b="س"},
   {a="f", b="ف"},
   {a="`", b="ع"},
   {a="f", b="ف"},
   {a="q", b="ق"},
   {a="k", b="ك"},
   {a="l", b="ل"},
   {a="m", b="م"},
   {a="n", b="ن"},
   {a="h", b="ه"},
   {a="w", b="و"},
   {a="y", b="ي"},
   {a="T", b="ة"},
   {a="\"$", b="ْ"},
   {a="\"(%W)", b="ْ%1"},
   {a="\"([^uaiUAI])", b="ْ%1"},
   {a="([^0-9])%-([^0-9])", b="%1%2"},
   {a="B", b="ـ"}
}

longv = {
   {a="\"A", b="ا"},
   {a="\"U", b="و"},
   {a="\"I", b="ي"},
   {a="\"Y", b="ى"},
   {a="A", b="َا"},
   {a="U", b="ُو"},
   {a="I", b="ِي"},
   {a="Y", b="aى"}
}

shortv = {
   {a="\"u", b=""},
   {a="\"a", b=""},
   {a="\"i", b=""},
   {a="u", b="ُ"},
   {a="a", b="َ"},
   {a="i", b="ِ"}
}

punctuation = {
   {a="%(%(", b="﴿"},
   {a="%)%)", b="﴾"},
   {a="%(", b="+@("},
   {a="%)", b="-@("},
   {a="%+%@%(", b=")"},
   {a="%-%@%(", b="("},
   {a="%.", b="."},
   {a="([^0-9])%,", b="%1،"},
   {a="%?", b="؟"},
   {a="%;", b="؛"},
}

null = {
   {a="%|", b=""},
   {a="([^0-9])(%-)", b="%1"}
}